Have You Been Hacked?

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On this page you will find information about common terms used in the Cyber industry to educate and help you recognise if you have been hacked!

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What is a Hacker?

People who access and compromise technology are hackers. They attack digital devices. These include computers, smartphones, virtual assistants, networks, and home devices. They change or use both hardware, software, and data.

Black Hats

There are "Black Hat" hackers who are criminals hacking with malicious intent. These cyber criminals are the biggest danger to individuals, businesses, and governments. Fifty seven percent of Australians said they have been a cyber crime victim. An amazing 33 percent indicating they had suffered in the previous 12 months. It all starts with a hack!

Grey Hats

Then there are "Gray Hat" hackers often look for vulnerabilities in a system without the owner's permission or knowledge. If issues are found, they report them to the owner, sometimes requesting a small fee to fix the problem.

White Hats

Finally there are "White Hat" hackers who work for good. They are in software companies, security companies, law enforcement and government. They identify bugs and faults in computer programs and systems. They ensure there are few risks and that the security is at the highest levels. They sometimes pose as criminals, sort of digital undercover agents.

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Australians Hacked

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Criminals Brought to Justice

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Phishing Emails Daily

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Average Cost to Small Businesses

Who are they?

Cybercriminal hackers are most likely to be male, and often work in loose groups of six or more. They have a good knowledge of technology. A typical disregard for authority and the laws they think should not apply to them. A risky nature feeds the thrill of getting the better of others. A profile would be male, under 25, with a history of anxiety, anger, poor interpersonal skills. They are distrusting of everything they cannot control. They can live anywhere, with a concentration in countries with lower socio-economic benefits.

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How Do They Do It?

There are many ways that hackers get into technology and software. There are new methods created daily so there will never be a definitive list. Click the buttons below to find out more about the main methods used today.

Worms

Denial of Service (DDoS)

Internet browsers are the window to the internet. People use them to search for information, view it or interact with it. Browser hijacking occurs when the hijacker alters the activity of the browser. Sometimes companies add small programs to browsers without permission from users. The makers of hijacking software range from computer, software manufacturers or hackers.

is a term used to describe several devices, put together to perform a task? They do it over the internet.
Botnets can cause a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack. They can steal data, send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection. The owner can control the botnet using command and control software. The word "botnet" is a combination of the word’s "robot" and "network". The term is usually used with a negative or malicious connotation. A bot herder is a person controlling and maintaining the botnet.

Rootkits are a category of malware that provides the hacker control over systems. They have full control and access. It affects computers, networks and systems without the users knowing.

Hackers use deception to trick users to load Trojans. Trojans are a type of malware that run hidden computer programs. Trojan 'viruses' hide their malicious ulterior motives. They are not computer viruses but malware, "Trojan horse virus" has become a common way to refer to them.

A computer virus is a general term for a type of malware. When executed, it replicates itself. It modifies other computer programs and inserts its own code. Viruses can destroy data, slow down system resources, and log keystrokes.

A computer worm is a subset of the Trojan horse malware. It is a standalone program that replicates itself to spread to other computers. It uses a computer network to spread itself. It relies on security failures on the target computer to access it. It will use this machine as a host to scan and infect other computers. The worm will continue to scan and infect other computers. They use the infected computers as hosts. It will continue to propagate or self-replicate from one computer to another. It does it without human activation after breaching a system. When the hacker is in control, they can achieve their criminal objectives.

A hacker targets a specific organisation or person using spear phishing. with tailored phishing emails. By sending emails to a particular person to make the person think the email is legitimate. Hackers gather and use personal information about their target. This increases their success of the attack.

Ransom malware, or ransomware, is a type of malware. When it gets into a device, it makes the computer or its files unusable. It prevents users from accessing their system or personal files. The hacker then demands ransom payment to regain access.

This type of cyberattack disrupts real use of a site. It sends large amounts of traffic to a website or service. Its aim is to exceed the website’s capacity to handle it. A huge influx of traffic all at once can tie up all the site’s resources and thereby deny access to real users.

Why Do They Do It?

Financial Gain

Theft of credit cards, fraud or credentials. Gaining use of services at no cost.

Street Cred

Increased reputation within the hacker community, ego driven.

Hurting Others

Cyber bulling, spreading secrets, rumours and lies.

Social Activism

Focus public attention on specific issues and causes.

Corporate Theft

Increased reputation within the hacker community, ego driven.

Government Spying

State sponsored the new ‘war” platform for commercial or political gain.

HAVE YOU OR SOMEONE YOU KNOW BEEN HACKED?

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What do Hackers target?

Any device connected to the internet or network is a possible entry point for attack. If you have the best protection and care on your laptop but not your printer or router you are open to attack. The most common targets:

Mobile devices

The biggest new threat is the proliferation of smart phones and devices. The "Internet of Things" and their mobile nature create opportunities for hackers. A lucrative target for hackers is open-source software with many apps and developers. This which puts them at risk of data theft or corruption.

Routers

Hackers can hijack a router. This enables them to gain access to data sent and received across them and the network. Once accessed they can carry out wider malicious acts. This includes distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, Domain Name System (DNS) spoofing, or crypto mining.

Email

Email is one of the most common targets of cybercrime. It is the access point for a lot of hacker activity. It can spread malware and ransomware with malicious attachments or links.

Webcams

Webcams built into computers are easy to hack. Hackers gain access using some of the techniques covered above. Things like Trojan viruses in rootkit malware. It allows hackers to spy on users and read their messages. They can see their browsing activity, take screenshots, and hijack their webcam.

Printers

Hacking printers to gain access to networks and to get them to print anything is happening. Shodan identifies all devices connected to the internet. Security companies and cybercriminals use Shodan. In 2018 a hacker printed out support for PewDiePie, a youtuber, on 50,000 printers worldwide.

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Prevention of "I've been Hacked".

Hackers are prevalent and sophisticated. If this concerns you, here are some things you can do.

Software Update

Updating your software is the number one prevention of hacking. Hackers are always seeking gaps in security that are unseen or unpatched. Updating software and operating systems are both crucial. Hackers are trying to crack software and software developers are trying to stop them. If you don't have the latest updates there may be a gap that hackers can take advantage of. Best to enable automatic updates. Make sure that all devices and programs have the latest.
Use Unique Passwords for Different Accounts

The most common access for hackers is weak passwords or account credentials. Poor password practices are the most common cause of data breaches and cyberattacks. Use strong passwords and never use the same password for different accounts. Using unique passwords is crucial to limiting hackers’ effectiveness.

Change the Default Username and Password on Your Router and Smart Devices

All devices including routers and smart devices come with default usernames and passwords. Reset the username and password combination for all types of devices.

HTTPS Encryption

Hackers create 'shadow' websites that look like the real one. This is a vehicle for data theft and steal the credentials that users enter. Look for the 's' in the web address i.e., HTTPS: if it isn’t there then don't enter.
Avoid Clicking on Ads or Links

Hackers use advertisements to lead the user to download malware or spyware. onto their device. Never click strange links within email messages or on social media. Hackers use these links to install malware on a device or lead users to hackers’ websites.

Protecting Yourself Against Hacking

There are further steps that you can take to protect yourself against hacking. Hackers can infect software with malware from third party sites.

Install Anti-Virus Software

Use a VPN

Use a Password Manager

Enable 2FA/MFA

Seek Education on Current Cyber Threats

Find Out More

Conclusion

Cyber criminals are rarely caught and have huge potential financial rewards. More than half the population has had some experience with cyber crime.
Everyone must protect themselves now and going forward.
We created Hoplon to help people with up-to-date solutions to help them deal with this real threat.

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